Archaeological sites. Samos experienced the greatest prosperity under the tyranny of "Polycrates" in the second half of the 6th century BC (535-522 BC). Then becoming a great naval power, built the oldest city walls, the large breakwater in the port, the tunnel of Eupalinos the second great temple of Hera, and many more. The passage of centuries, Samos colonized by other nations who left their footprints, but never reached the size of Polycrates era.

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The Fortification wall of Samos ancient city had a total length of 6.430 m and enclosed an area of 1,2 km2 in which the city was organized.

The theater was built during the 4th century BC and suffered several modifications during the Roman period.