The exhibits it’s mostly of finds from Pythagoreion area, classified chronologically and thematically. Presents aspects of the historical and cultural development of ancient Samos from the Neolithic era (4th millennium BC) to late antiquity (7th century AD.).

The aim of the project was to supply water from the source of “Ayades”, (hidden at the mountain away from enemies), to the ancient city of Samos, through mount “Kastron”. The result was a remarkable water pipeline, total length 2,385 meters, of which 1,035 through tunnel.

Originally built as settlement by residents of Mytilinii village, early 19th century, over the old Christian settlement ruins.